Canonical URLs (canonicalization)

Internet Marketing Glossary - Definition:

Canonical URLs

On some websites, there are many versions of the same page, at different URL's. The Canonical URL is the URL address of the preferred version of the page.

For example, an online shopping site may have a product page that shows up in 3 different categories. This page will show up at 3 separate URL's. To avoid duplicate content issues and ensure your preferred version of the page is the one getting indexed, you can set this version as the Canonical URL.

For more information on canonical URL's, and to learn more about how to set your preferred version check out Google Webmaster Central.